Impactos de la desaparición del ferrocarril en dos municipios del noroeste de México

Impacts of the disappearance of the railroad in two municipalities of the northwest of Mexico

Abstract

Objective: Analyze the main impacts caused by the disappearance of railway activity in the dawn of 2000, in two municipalities of Mexico: Empalme and Nuevo Casas Grandes. These municipalities were founded, precisely, thanks to the start of this activity. Methodology: Is the Human Poverty Index (UN) that allows obtaining a multidimensional measurement, in four aspects: income, education, housing and health. Additionally, we generated geostatistical maps for both municipalities, and the train route. Results: Point to an index of 24.06 % of human poverty for Nuevo Casas Grandes and 23.21 % for Empalme. To complement the work, the planning of local governments was incorporated, during the period of analysis (2003-2016), interested in detecting, what diagnoses, actions or proposals were carried out in relation to poverty. Limitations: The main limitation of the study is that the HPI does not cover all the qualitative elements that may influence in estimating or measuring a context of poverty, such as social programs and social cohesion, however, it takes up three commonly recurrent approaches to measure poverty and the Human Development Index (HDI). Conclusions: Allow us to affirm that the disappearance of the railway, without a doubt, affected the economic trajectory of the municipalities and reconfigured the productive activities towards other vocations, such as the maquiladoras and agriculture. Meanwhile, local governments have shown little interest in proposing actions to combat poverty.

Objective: Analyze the main impacts caused by the disappearance of railway activity in the dawn of 2000, in two municipalities of Mexico: Empalme and Nuevo Casas Grandes. These municipalities were founded, precisely, thanks to the start of this activity. Methodology: Is the Human Poverty Index (UN) that allows obtaining a multidimensional measurement, in four aspects: income, education, housing and health. Additionally, we generated geostatistical maps for both municipalities, and the train route. Results: Point to an index of 24.06 % of human poverty for Nuevo Casas Grandes and 23.21 % for Empalme. To complement the work, the planning of local governments was incorporated, during the period of analysis (2003-2016), interested in detecting, what diagnoses, actions or proposals were carried out in relation to poverty. Limitations: The main limitation of the study is that the HPI does not cover all the qualitative elements that may influence in estimating or measuring a context of poverty, such as social programs and social cohesion, however, it takes up three commonly recurrent approaches to measure poverty and the Human Development Index (HDI). Conclusions: Allow us to affirm that the disappearance of the railway, without a doubt, affected the economic trajectory of the municipalities and reconfigured the productive activities towards other vocations, such as the maquiladoras and agriculture. Meanwhile, local governments have shown little interest in proposing actions to combat poverty.